Midpoint Calculator
Calculate the geographic midpoint between two coordinates.
지점 A
기본값: 서울시청
지점 B
기본값: 부산시청
* 지구 표면의 대원(great-circle) 위에서의 정확한 중간점을 계산합니다.
Overview
Calculate the geographic midpoint between two latitude/longitude coordinates. Computes the exact midpoint along the great-circle arc on Earth's surface. Useful for logistics hub planning, meeting point selection, and stopover planning.
Formula
Geographic midpoint formula: Bx = cos(φ₂)·cos(Δλ), By = cos(φ₂)·sin(Δλ), φ₃ = atan2(sin(φ₁)+sin(φ₂), √((cos(φ₁)+Bx)²+By²)), λ₃ = λ₁ + atan2(By, cos(φ₁)+Bx). Where φ = latitude, λ = longitude (radians). This uses spherical geometry rather than simple arithmetic average, ensuring accuracy even near the 180° meridian or poles.
How to Use
- 1Enter latitude and longitude for Point A.
- 2Enter latitude and longitude for Point B.
- 3The midpoint coordinates and distances from each point are displayed.
- 4Paste the result coordinates into a map app to verify the location.
Tips
- ✔The difference between arithmetic average and spherical midpoint grows with distance.
- ✔For the center of 3+ points, convert to 3D Cartesian (X,Y,Z), average, and convert back.
- ✔Use the midpoint as a center for radius-based searches in logistics planning.
- ✔The midpoint between Seoul and Busan is roughly near Daejeon (~36.37°N, 127.98°E).
- ✔Verify results by searching the coordinates on Google Maps or other map services.
FAQ
Q. What's the difference between spherical midpoint and simple average?
A simple arithmetic mean ((lat1+lat2)/2) works for nearby points but becomes inaccurate over long distances or near the ±180° meridian. The spherical midpoint formula accounts for Earth's curvature and provides accurate results regardless of location.
Q. Is the midpoint always on a road between the two points?
No. The geographic midpoint lies on the great-circle (shortest path on Earth's surface) and may be over water or mountains. For practical meeting spots, check the map for accessible locations near the calculated midpoint.
Q. Can I find the midpoint of more than two locations?
Yes, for multiple points, convert each coordinate to 3D Cartesian (X, Y, Z), compute the average, and convert back to lat/lon. This calculator is optimized for two-point midpoint calculations.
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